g src=”http://i.ytimg.com/vi/v7ufM_iRSZU/0.jpg” align=”left”/>Chronic lateral ankle pain is recurring or chronic pain on the outside part of the ankle that often develops after an injury such as a sprained ankle.

Signs and symptoms include:

Ankle instability.
Difficulty walking on uneven ground or in high heels.
Pain, sometimes intense, on the outer side of the ankle.
Repeated ankle sprains.
Stiffness.
Swelling.
Tenderness.
Although ankle sprains are the most common cause of chronic lateral ankle pain, other causes may include:

A fracture in one of the bones that make up the ankle joint.
Arthritis of the ankle joint.
Inflammation of the joint lining.
Injury to the nerves that pass through the ankle. In this case, the nerves become stretched, torn, injured by a direct blow, or pinched under pressure.
Scar tissue in the ankle after a sprain. The scar tissue takes up space in the joint, putting pressure on the ligaments.
Torn or inflamed tendon.
Treatments for chronic lateral ankle pain include:

Over the counter or prescription anti-inflammatory medications to reduce swelling. Note: Please consult your physician before taking any medications.
Physical therapy, including tilt-board exercises that focus on strengthening the muscles, restoring range of motion, and increasing your perception of joint position.
Ankle braces or other supports.
Steroid medication.
Immobilization to allow the bone to heal (in cases of fractures).

Visit our website: http://www.gulfcoastfootcare.com

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C9y0/0.jpg” align=”left”/>What is a Podiatrist?

A podiatrist, also called a doctor of podiatric medicine, is a specialist who provides medical diagnosis and treatment of foot and ankle problems, including, but not limited to sprains and fractures, bunions, heel pain/spurs, hammertoes, neuromas, ingrown toenails, warts, corns and calluses. A podiatrist also renders care of sprains, fractures, infections, and injuries of the foot, ankle and heel. In addition to undergraduate medical school training, podiatrists also attend graduate school for a doctorate degree in podiatry. Podiatrists are required to take state and national exams, as well as be licensed by the state in which they practice.

According to the American Podiatric Medical Association, there are more than 17,800 practicing podiatrists in the United States. Podiatrists are in demand more than ever today because of a rapidly aging population. In addition, according to the association, foot disorders are among the most widespread and neglected health problems affecting people in this country.

Typically, podiatrists:
Consult with the patient and other physicians on how to prevent foot problems.

Diagnose and treat tumors, ulcers, fractures, skin and nail diseases, and deformities.

Perform surgeries to correct or remedy such problems as bunions, clawtoes, fractures, hammertoes, infections, ruptured Achilles, and other ligaments and tendons.

Prescribe therapies and perform diagnostic procedures such as ultrasound and lab tests.

Prescribes or fits patients with inserts called orthotics that correct walking patterns.

Treat conditions such as: bone disorders, bunions, corns, calluses, cysts, heel spurs, infections, ingrown nails, and plantar fasciitis.

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Treatment for Ankle Sprain – San Francisco Podiatrist Union Square CA
Dr. Bill Metaxas discusses the symptoms, causes and treatments for Sprain Ankle.

http://www.footankleinstitutesf.com

SPRAINS
Injuries to the outside of the ankle associated with rolling of the foot are known as ankle sprains.
The ankle ligaments provide stability to the ankle by helping to hold the ankle bone within the ankle joint. The ankle ligaments usually involved in an ankle sprain are also known as the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle. The lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle are comprised of the anterior talofibular ligament, the calcaneofibular ligament and the posterior talofibular ligament.
The lateral ligaments provide stability to the ankle throughout the gait cycle as the foot bends up and down. Therefore total lateral stability of the ankle is provided by these three ligaments.
The most anterior (front) and most frequently injured of these ligaments is the anterior talofibular ligament. This ligament is intracapsular, or blended and contiguous with the lining of the anterior lateral aspect of the ankle capsule (joint). It can be seen as a fibrous thickening of the lining of the joint and courses from the front of the fibula to the front of the lateral surface of the talus.
The main function of the anterior talofibular ligament is the prevention of axial or rotational instability of the ankle. During gait as the heel is coming down, the foot is held in a dorsiflexed (up) position. Essentially the foot is pivoting on the edge of the heel only. Any irregularity in the ground, or laterally directed force, will cause the foot to twist in or out depending on the orientation of the force. Similarly, when we push off, the foot is in a plantar flexed (down) position. As the foot is plantar flexed, the position of the foot increases the long axis of the leg and increases the torque on the ankle region. Any ground irregularity or laterally directed force will cause the foot to twist in or out depending of the orientation of the force.
Classification of Injury
Rolling in of the foot (inversion), with the sole of the foot towards the opposite leg, is defined as a lateral ankle sprain. There are several classifications of this injury. A simple definition of injury breaks the injury down in terms of physiologic injury: sprain, strain or rupture which define the extent of stretching and A second classification of injury of the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle is known as Grades 1, 2, or 3. This classification describes the functional loss of the ankle and the resultant grade or level of injury.
The end result of injury of one or more of the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle is ankle instability. This instability can show up initially as a result of the severity of the injury or later as a result of chronic ankle instability.
During the moment of injury, due to the instability caused by the injury, movement and twisting of the Talus (ankle bone) in the ankle joint resulting in bone to bone compaction and twisting of other ligaments, tendons and nerves may occur. Injuries beyond the level of the ligaments themselves can occur and will occur depending of the level of injury. MRI, CT scans, bone scans and electro-diagnostic testing may be recommended to evaluate for these secondary injuries.
Chronic Ankle instability occurs much later than then original injury. Once the lateral collateral ankle ligaments are injured, they no longer provide the ability to stop ankle twisting and to hold the Talus within the ankle joint. As you walk or run with an unstable ankle, the talus can twist within the joint and partially come out of the joint. This movement is unnatural and abnormal and redirects force to the outside of the joint. With an increase in joint load to the outside, the foot will roll to the inside producing further tearing of the ligament and further injury.
Treatment
Conservative treatment for this condition depends on the necessity to stabilize the foot to restore the anatomical position of the ankle ligaments. The often noted RICE formula (rest, ice, compression elevation) is the standard initial treatment. Any treatment provided is to allow the ligaments to heal in the correct position and at the correct length. Depending on which ligaments are injured and to what degree the ligaments are injured, your doctor can provide you with the best ankle brace to stabilize your ankle.
Supplemental treatment for secondary injuries incurred at the time of injury will be diagnoses and treated at the same time as the treatment for the ankle ligaments.
Surgical Treatment
Surgical treatment of the ankle ligaments or associated injury conditions are performed when instability develops later or the injury is severe enough initially that stabilization must be done to allow for proper healing.

Visit our website: http://www.footankleinstitutesf.com

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Ankle Sprain Treatment – Podiatrist in Norwood, MA

More than 25,000 people sprain their ankles every day, according to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society.

Ankle sprains are caused by an unnatural twisting or force on the ankle bones of the foot, often resulting in one or more ligaments on the outside of the ankle to be stretched or torn. If not properly treated, ankle sprains could develop into long-term problems.

Treatment includes resting the ankle and applying ice to reduce swelling. Compressive bandages also may be used to immobilize and support the injury. More serious ankle sprains, particularly in competitive athletes, may require surgery to repair to tighten the ligaments.

Visit our website: http://www.norwoodpodiatry.com

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PEDIATRIC FOOT PROBLEMS
The developing child often can have a variety of different foot problems depending on their age, heredity, and activity. The most important thing to remember is that no child should have foot, ankle, leg, knee, hip, or back pain. A child is not merely a small adult and there is no normal pain for a child. If your child is complaining of a persistent pain, you should take him to a doctor for evaluation.

The most common foot problems for a child are ingrown toenails and plantar warts. Ingrown toenails most often occur because of improper cutting of nails and shoes that are too small due to a sudden growth spurt. Some children, however are just prone to ingrown toenails. These begin as discomfort around the toenails but can quickly become infected.

Plantar warts are due to a virus that enters the system. Children are especially prone because the hydration of the skin is a environment that helps the wart thrive. Like any virus, there is no medication that is effective in eliminating them. While over-the-counter medications are very slow to work, if at all, we do have several remedies that are very effective. The most effective is treatment with a pulse-dye laser which provided no pain after treatment and allows children to continue all activity that same day.

Young children present with some developmental issues of the lower extremity. The most obvious are children that in-toe, out-toe, and toe walk. These situations are easily noticed in young children because they are unable to compensate for these mechanical issues. While many pediatricians tell parents that the children will grow out of it, in reality they just become able to compensate and they become other problems as adolescents and adults, including foot and knee pain. In most cases, these issues can be easily and permanently managed with the use of orthotics for children. Time, however, is the most important factor for success. The earlier we can start treating a child with a positional problem, the more successful the treatment will be.

Most children regularly participate in athletics, which can present new problems for them. The most common sports injury is an ankle sprain, which is an injury to the ligaments of the ankle due to the ankle being twisted. Ankle sprains must be treated immediately to be sure that the ligaments heal completely and in a stable position. Children in their preteen years can develop Severs disease, which causes pain in the back of the heel due to tension on the growth plate of the heel. Children in their teen years can develop Achilles tendonitis and plantar fasciitis just like an adult. Also, growing children are prone to stress fractures, as their bones are still immature and not at full strength. If your child participates in sports, or other activities such as dance, and has been complaining of pain or discomfort on a regular basis, be assured that we have everything at our disposal to assure a complete recovery and quick return to activity.

Visit our website: http://www.tanglewoodfootspecialists.com

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